Q 1. Explain the the term 'Nationalism' ? Ans :- Nationalism refers to the feeling of oweness and common consciousness that emerges when people living in a common territory share the same historcial, political and cultural background, have the same, cultural calues and consider themselves as one nation.
Factors that helped in the growth of Nationalism 1. Economis Exploitation of India
2. Repressive Colonial Policies followed by the British in India
3. Socio- Religious Reform Movements
4. Role of the Press
5. Influence of Western thoughts and education
Raja Rammohan Roy : He was one of the greatest social and religious reformers of the 19th century.
In the words of Rabindranath Tagore,
"Raja Rammohan Roy inaugurated the modern age in India. He was the father of Indian Renaissance and the prophet of Indian Nationalism." Jyotiba Phule :- He was an urban - educated member of so-called low caste. His education and personal experiences had made him critical of Hindu religion and customs.
Formation of the Indian National Congress 1. The Indian National Congress was founded by A.O. Hume, a retired English civil servant on December 28, 1885.
2. The first session of the Congress was held from December 28 to 31, 1885 at Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Mumbai under the Presidentship of W.C. Bonnerjee.